Tosca (original orchestration)

Tosca is a melodramatic opera in three acts set in Rome in June, 1800, with the Kingdom of Naple뭩 control of Rome threatened by Napoleon뭩 invasion of Italy. It contains depictions of torture, murder and suicide, as well as some of Puccini뭩 best-known lyrical arias. With a libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on a play by French playwright Victorien Sardou. the opera was an immediate success with the public upon its premiere in 1900, and its characters continue to fascinate both performers and audiences as the work remains one of the most frequently performed operas. Instrumentation in set: Vocal soli (9 roles, SATTBBBBB): Chorus: 3(2/3dPicc).2(+EH).2(+BCl).2(+CBsn): 4.3.4.0: Timp.Perc(4-5): Clst: Org: Hp: Str(4.4.3.3.3): Banda (Fl. Hp. Va. Perc[5]).i (